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Anti-p40 recognizes squamous and basal cells, the shortest variant of p53, and ΔNp63 (an isoform of p63). p40 has been indicated as an alternative to p63 for the detection of Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SqCC), offering the advantage of eliminating potential misinterpretation of a positive adenocarcinoma as a SqCC.
| Clone | IHC058 |
| Source | Mouse Monoclonal |
| Positive Control | Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Lung |
| Dilution Range | 1:200 |
Cluster of differentiation 5 (CD5) is expressed in high levels on the surface of T cells, while controversy surrounds the expression levels and role of CD5 in B cells. As a part of a diagnostic panel, its utility lies predominantly as a marker for T cells, with over 70% of T cell neoplasms expressing CD5. In particular, it is correlated with chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphomas, mantle cell lymphoma, as well as a subset of diffuse large B cell lymphomas. CD5 demonstrates positive expression in thymic carcinomas, and is not as sensitive as CD3. CD5 also has value as a prognostic indicator, being associated with poor prognosis in acute T cell lymphoblastic leukemia.
Cytokeratin 19 (CK19) forms intermediate filaments found in the intracytoplasmic cytoskeleton of epithelial tissue and provides mechanical support. Anti-Cytokeratin 19 stains epithelia and epithelial malignancies such as carcinomas of the colon, stomach, pancreas, biliary tract, liver, and breast. Cytokeratin 19 is a useful marker for distinguishing hepatocellular carcinoma from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. This differentiation is improved when stained in combination with Cytokeratin 7, CAM5.2l, Ber-EP4/MOC31, HepPar1 and TTF1. Cytokeratin 19 staining can also be used to recognize thyroid papillary carcinomas.
LMO2, also known as LIM-Only transcription factor 2, RBTN2, or TTG2, is an oncoprotein that is expressed in normal germinal center B-cells, as well as bone marrow hematopoietic precursors and endothelial cells. LMO2 plays a role in angiogenesis and hematopoesis, and its expression has been detected in erythroid and myeloid precursors, megakaryocytes, and also in lymphoblastic and acute myeloid leukemias. LMO2 protein expression has been noted in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, the most common adult non-Hodgkin lymphoma, as well as follicular lymphoma, a neoplasm derived from germinal center B-cells that accounts for a number of cases of non-Hodgkin lymphomas.
MutL Homolog 1 (MLH1) is a protein involved in the mismatch-repair pathway. This protein is commonly associated with hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer, as the MLH1 gene is frequently mutated in patients with this cancer. Studies have shown MLH1 to be deficient in a high percentage of patients with microsatellite instability, as well as endometrial and ovarian cancers. Use of Anti-MLH1 is optimized when paired in an IHC panel with MSH6, MSH2, and PMS2. Anti-MLH1 is useful in the detection of MLH1 in a number of normal and neoplastic tissues, and for identifying a loss of MLH1 in tumors that are microsatellite-unstable.
